ABSTRACT

The Home Learning Environment is a critical determinant of children's developmental outcomes, yet its validation and application in the context of Sabah, Malaysia, remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by validating the Home Literacy Environment Questionnaire (HLEQ). The validation process included expert review for content validity, data collection from 255 parents of preschool children in Penampang, Sabah. Data analysis includes reliability, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Findings indicate that the HLEQ demonstrates strong reliability and validity among respondents in Sabah, thereby confirming its suitability for assessing the home literacy environment of preschoolers. This research enhances understanding of home literacy environment assessment in early childhood and underscores the importance of validating assessment tools, with implications for shaping early childhood education policies and interventions in the region.

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